Tuesday, January 28, 2020

Mental Health Presenting Issues Essay Example for Free

Mental Health Presenting Issues Essay It may seem at first that Medical Tourism is doing the world a favour by clearing the backlogged waiting lists for certain procedures without having to expand the local capacity that is in demand. (1). It is also proposed by supporters of Medical tourism that by bringing tourists into the country, not only the health sector, but other sectors, like the tourism and hospitality sectors will also benefit and through this flow on effect the people of the host country will benefit. For example Indias health care market is expected to expand from 5.2%GDP to 8.5% GDP by the end of 2012 because of Medical tourism. (2) This is taking a superficial look at the problem. It also effects on the health care of people of the host country, the standard of care received by the patient and effects on the workforce itself. While countries like India, Thailand and Singapore may seem to benefit overall, it has been argued that the extra funding the health care system is receiving from medical tourism does not get diverted to help the public health sector -with levels of public spending on healthcare in India are amongst the lowest in the world (3). The local people should receive some of this profit that the health industry itself is receiving as many are unable to afford comparative health care. There is also the question of the effect on the workforce. There are fears that medical tourism could worsen the drain of local professionals by luring them from the public sector and rural areas to take jobs in urban centres. (2) The medical tourism facilities offer not only a better rate of pay, but also access to good equipment, resources and medications. Finally there is the cost on the individual receiving the care. Presently, there are a lack of comparative quality and safety data including infection rates for overseas institutions. There is also little information about adverse events as reporting of these events is also lacking. Many of the practitioners in these health care facilities pay less indemnity insurance and matters are dealt with locally. It is hard to know what compensations would be made, were something to go wrong during a procedure. In nations that have long waiting lists for certain procedures, medical tourism provides a mechanism to clear backlogs by sending patients to foreign countries without expanding local capacity. Lancaster J. Surgeries, side trips for medical tourists. p. A1. Washington Post. October 21, 2004. this reduces the burden on the local healthcare resources of the native country. this is reinforced by Insurance companies have jumped on the medical tourism ride by offering reduced rates to those who are willing to travel overseas for medical treatment, further encouraging the medical tourism market. It is proposed by supporters of Medical tourism that by bringing tourists into the country, other sectors, like the tourism and hospitality sectors will also benefit and through this flow on effect the people of the host country will benefit. For example Indias health care market is expected to expand from 5.2%GDP to 8.5% GDP by the end of 2012 because of Medical tourism. Medical visas mark growth of Indian medical tourism. Bull World Health Organ. 2007 while countries may seem to benefit overall, it has been argued that the extra funding the health care system is receiving from medical tourism does not get diverted to help the public health sector. Levels of public spending on healthcare in India are amongst the lowest in the world. Health Spending in India, the impact of current Aid structures and Aid Effectiveness. EU HEALTH ODA AND AID EFFECTIVENESS / COUNTRY BRIEFING 6 / DECEMBER 2011(sourced at http://www.euroresources.org/fileadmin/user_upload/AfGH_Policy_Briefs/PolicyBriefing6_India_LoRes.pdf) according to the WHO in 2010, in India 71% of total health expenditure was spent on private health public health spending compared to private. The private costs are too high for the average Indian so they cant directly benefit, if an effect on public health workforce, There are fears, however, that medical tourism could worsen the internal brain drain and lure professionals from the public sector and rural areas to take jobs in urban centres. Medical visas mark growth of Indian medical tourism. Bull World Health Organ. 2007 The question has arisen regarding the safety and quality of health care reicieved whilst overseas. also who manages complications which may arise after treatment that was received overseas. Who should be responsible for that? When medical treatment is sought from abroad, the normal continuum of care may be interrupted. Perhaps not surprisingly, given commercial imperatives, evidence of outcomes for medical tourist treatments is limited and reports are difficult to obtain and verify.

Monday, January 20, 2020

The Labor Unions Essay -- essays research papers fc

The Labor Unions   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Unions have become commonplace in the labor arena. They provide employees with a valuable tool that allows them to stand together against their employer to make sure that their rights are upheld in the workplace. This paper will focus on labor unions with regards to how they work in two very different companies, Ford Motor Company and United Airlines. Also, a brief history will be outlined as well as legislation regarding unions.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Many unions are at battle with their respected employers. Some of these fights are better known than other fights. United Airlines is trying to renegotiate contracts to save their company money. This has been a long battle for United, that some may see as having begun with the events of September 11, 2001. In truth, the International Association of Machinists, the union that represents a majority of United employees and United have been locked in a heated battle for some time now, even before the events of that September.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  By contrast, Ford Motor Company has had very little trouble recently with the union that represents the majority of their employees. The UAW has not gone on strike at Ford since 1976. The last time that Ford-UAW relationship even made the news was in 1999, when the UAW was negotiating their new contract. Comparatively speaking, the two companies could not be further apart when it comes to working with their respective unions. History Although some people trace the beginning of labor unions in the United States to the very beginning, when guilds men got off the Mayflower at Plymouth Rock, the beginning of the modern labor movement began in 1886. That is the year when Samuel Gompers founded the American Federation of Labor. The statement of the founders of the AFL reads in part: The various trades have been affected by the introduction of machinery, the subdivision of labor, the use of women's and children's labor and the lack of an apprentice system-so that the skilled trades were rapidly sinking to the level of pauper labor. To protect the skilled labor of America from being reduced to beggary and to sustain the standard of American workmanship and skill, the trades unions of America have been established. (AFL-CIO, 2002)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first major union strike in this country was the P... ...8/2004 at http://money.cnn.com/2002/11/18/news/companies/ual/ Commission for Labor Cooperation (2002) â€Å" United States Labor Law.† Viewed online on 11/18/2004 at http://www.naalc.org/english/publications/labormain.htm Encyclopedia Britannica, Online Edition (2002) â€Å"Labor History: United States.† viewed   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  online at http://www.britannica.com International Assocaition of Machinists (2002) â€Å"Union Member ights and Officer   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Responsibilities Under the LMRDA.† Viewed online on 11/18/2004 at   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  http://www.goiam.org/memberadvantages.asp?c=884 U.S. Department of Labor (2002) â€Å"The Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Act.† Viewed online on 11/18/2004 at   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  http://www.doleta.gov/programs/factsht/warn.htm U.S. Department of Labor: Occupational Health and Safety Administration (2002)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"OSHA’s Mission.† Viewed online on 11/18/2004 at   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  http://www.osha.gov/oshinfo/mission.html. United Autoworkers of America (2002) Viewed online on 11/18/2004 at   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  http://www.UAW.org

Sunday, January 12, 2020

Dichotmous Lab Report

Organismic Lab Lab1- Dichotomous Key Introduction A dichotomous key is a series of paired statements or questions that are used to categorize organisms with their similarities in characteristics and or structure. The word dichotomous comes from two Greek words that translate to â€Å"divided in two parts. † In a Dichotomous key each step has two choices: whether a particular characteristic is present or absent. The questions are arranged into a couplet which directs to another couplet and the process is repeated until a successful identification is reached.Qualitative descriptions refer to physical attributes such as scent or color, and quantitative descriptions refer to numerical values such as the amount of pedals on a flower. When constructing a dichotomous key, it is important that the questions are very clear and specific so that any two people that use the key will finish the key with the same conclusion. The purpose of this experiment is to demonstrate the use and know how to create a dichotomous key. Materials 1 metric ruler 4 soy beans 4 mung beans 4 kidney beans li' Fig 4 Wrinkled pea seeds Fig 5. Mung bean seeds Fig 6.Sweet Corn seeds Fig7. Wheat Seeds Fig8. Soy bean seeds Discussion Our group was successful in creating dichotomous keys in part A and part B. In part A, the dichotomous key will lead any two users to identify the same smiley faces. The dichotomous key of the seeds were to be much more difficult in classifying and separating than the smiley faces because the seeds did not have many simple physical differences like the ones found in the different smiley faces. The first physical difference identified divided the seeds into two different subsets: round and not round.Although identifying seeds as round or not round could differ from person to person, my group agreed that the soy bean seeds, wrinkled pea seeds, and mung bean seeds were clearly more spherical and could be classified as round. The most difficult seeds to differentiate were the oat seeds, corn seed, and wheat seeds because of the possible things one could mistaken for the wrong seed. My group finally decided to separate them into two different groups: the seeds that were invaginated and the seeds that were not invaginated. The wheat seeds did not have dents or invaginations, but the oat seeds and corn seeds did contain invaginations.I believe the dichotomous key created by my group was successful because any two users could easily follow our dichotomous key to identify the specified seed. 1b 4b 5a Sunflower seeds. Conclusion The purpose of this lab was to demonstrate how to use and create a dichotomous key. Thought to be very simple, yet this lab proved that even something as simple as identifying just one characteristic to divide a population into two smaller groups can be challenging when dealing with a population of organisms that are physically very similar like the seeds used during the experiment.It took a combined participation with effort from everyone in my group to create a dichotomous key that successfully identified two different types of seeds. References http://oregonstate. edu/trees/dichotomous_key. html http://www. mhhe. com/biosci/pae/zoology/cladogram/ http://www. saskschools. ca/curr_content/biology20/unit3/unit3_mod1_les2. htm Lab Handout: 2002 Ward’s Natural Science Establishment

Saturday, January 4, 2020

Essay on Huntington’s Disease - 990 Words

Near the end of the short arm of chromosome four, there exists a gene which can cause an individual to experience three completely different lives. If the gene is expressed normally, one will never know, as it will not cause the person any harm. However, if the gene simply does not exist, the individual will be born with Wolf-Hirschorn Syndrome, a devastating illness which causes disfigured facial features and mental retardation. (Ridley, 55) Victims of this syndrome rarely live past the age of seven. The last and most interesting situation occurs when this gene becomes mutated. In this case, the individual will suffer from Huntington’s Chorea, a debilitating neurological disease which will not show its effects until mid-life.†¦show more content†¦Those afflicted with Huntington’s Disease generally begin to exhibit problems with their â€Å"control of bodily movements, intellectual functioning and emotion(s)† (Fact Sheet: Huntington’s Disease ). The disease generally begins to affect the individual around the age of fifty, though it can occur much earlier. The victim will usually suffer for ten to twenty-five years before succumbing to complications of the illness, generally heart failure or aspiration pneumonia (Fact Sheet: Huntington’s Disease). The area of the Huntington Gene which is known to mutate contains only one â€Å"word† each consisting of three â€Å"letters† as Ridley explains (55). The repetition of the bases â€Å"C A G† throughout the gene can occur anywhere from once to over one hundred times. The number of repetitions determines whether or not an individual sees the effects of the disease and at what age the symptoms begin. The mutated form of the gene arises when an excessive number of â€Å"C A G† repetitions occur. The average number of repeats for a normal Huntington Gene is between ten and fifteen (Ridley, 55). A study presented by Dr. Kathleen Shannon at the General Meeting of the Illinois Chapter of the Huntington’s Disease Society of America on March 7, 1997 concluded that there are specific numerical cut-offs for having Huntington’s.Show MoreRelated Huntingtons Disease Essay1715 Words   |  7 PagesHuntington’s disease is a degenerative neurolo gical disorder affecting movement, cognition, and emotional state (Schoenstadt). There are two forms of Huntington’s disease (Sheth). The most common is adult-onset Huntington’s disease, with persons usually developing symptoms in their middle 30s and 40s (Sheth). There is an early onset form of Huntington’s disease, beginning in childhood or adolescence, and makes up a small percentage of the Huntington’s population (Sheth). Huntington’s disease is aRead MoreHuntington’s Disease Essay787 Words   |  4 Pagesmuch about Huntington’s disease. After reading this paper and the subsequent ones to come, you surely will. According to PudMedHealth.com, â€Å"Huntington’s disease is a disorder passed down through families in which nerve cells in certain parts of the brain waste away or degenerate.† This can lead to many different complications to a person’s health. In most cases, the disease’s symptoms develop lat er in life during a person’s mid thirties-forties. There are also instances where the disease becomes on-setRead MoreEssay Huntingtons Disease1113 Words   |  5 PagesHuntingtons Disease Background Huntingtons disease is inherited as an autosomal dominant disease that gives rise to progressive, elective (localized) neural cell death associated with choleric movements (uncontrollable movements of the arms, legs, and face) and dementia. It is one of the more common inherited brain disorders. About 25,000 Americans have it and another 60,000 or so will carry the defective gene and will develop the disorder as they age. 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The symptoms of the disease do not start to occur until after or around 40 years of age. With the onset of the disease the patient starts to gradually deteriorate intellectually, this deterioration also causes involuntary movements. Scientists have only recently found the section of the gene which causes Huntingtons disease, and this is allowed themRead MoreTaking a Look at Huntingtons Disease1745 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Huntington’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that is inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion. The cytoplasmic protein affected in Huntington’s disease is Huntingtin, coded for by the Huntingtin gene. The mutated version of the Huntingtin protein has several degenerative consequences on the molecular level. These are mainly caused by the elongated chain of glutamines that abberantly interacts with proteins and diminishes their biological functions. The mutated protein alsoRead MoreEssay on Huntingtons Disease - An Overview1185 Words   |  5 PagesHuntingtons Disease - An Overview Huntingtons Disease is a devastating and progressive neurological disorder that resu lts primarily from degeneration of nerve cells deep in the center of the brain. The condition was first described by George Huntington, a physician in New York, in 1872. Even then, the physician recognized the all-encompassing factors of the disorder when describing it as, coming on gradually but surely, increasing by degrees, and often occupying years in its developmentRead MoreEssay on Understanding Huntingtons Disease2054 Words   |  9 PagesUnderstanding Huntingtons Disease Huntingtons disease is an inherited neurodegenerative disorder. It is passed on to children from one or both parents (though two parents with Huntingtons is extraordinarily rare) in an autosomal dominant manner. This is different from autosomal recessive disorder, which requires two altered genes (one from each parent) to inherit the disorder. So if one parent has it, and passes the gene on to a child, that child will develop Huntingtons disease if they live